You're going to bring pages of the Internet to your computer screen. The Internet is a collection of information stored in computers physically located throughout the world. Much of the information on the Internet is organized onto pages. You'll bring one page to your computer screen, discover its contents, and have the option of bringing more pages of information.
Some pages on the Internet are cool. I mean really cool. They can be richly formatted and colorfully illustrated, capable of bringing you sounds and movies and interactivity. Other pages can be as ugly and disagreeable as what you'd find under a rock. Your goal: to bring yourself gratifying pages of information, and no others.
Content is everything. But to get to the content you seek, you'll need connections to those pages. Well-crafted pages provide built-in connections to other pages. That is, clicking your mouse button on a highlighted word or picture brings another page of information--a linked page--to your screen. The entire network of pages can be potentially interlinked, one pointing to another. As a result, you can bring information in the meaningful context of "Here is some information on a page in front of me, and highlighted on this page is a connection to related information I might wish to explore next."
Netscape's popularity stems from the opulence of its pages and the ease of bringing them to your screen. Pages designed with expressive lettering, art, color, photos, sound, animation, forms, and interactivity can be linked to an untold number of similar pages distributed on networked computers worldwide. Netscape explores World Wide Web pages, a part of the Internet rich in multimedia features, as well as other parts of the Internet that are often text-based. The Internet's Usenet newsgroups, electronic mail, and alternative transport protocols offer impressive diversity of content and communicative prowess. To take advantage of this wealth, Netscape software contains features to explore the Internet in numerous domains.
Foremost, Netscape software presents pages of the Internet with elegance and efficiency. Netscape software is a browser--an interface--to pages throughout the world. Netscape software allows you to immerse yourself in content unencumbered by the complexity of distributed networks.
Now, you're probably comfortable with the idea that information on the Internet is presented on pages you see on the screen. Even the navigational concepts are pretty easy:
Plus, you can go directly to pages that interest you by choosing menu items:
Ideally, the act of finding pages becomes secondary to what you really care about: the page's content.
Like pages of a magazine, you'll want to flip from one screen page to another, sometimes to continue with the same article and other times to begin a new article. But you can't hold screen pages in your hands like you can a magazine. Screen pages are rarely uniform in length and, displayed one page at a time, don't provide intuitive feedback on where the information begins and ends.
So even though Internet pages bring information to you rather gloriously, there is something distinctly uncomfortable about content which may continue over numerous links to pages of varying lengths. Anyone who has witnessed a slide show of a neighbor's family vacation can identify with the queasy sensation of boundlessness.
Readers of electronic pages need tools to keep track of pages. The Netscape text fields, toolbar buttons, and menu items seek to provide you with the ability to manage pages of information that might otherwise leave you feeling overwhelmed and unfocused.
Some pages have the capability to automatically update themselves. Pages that have server-push and client-pull capabilities contain instructions that allow multiple interactions with the server computers. You can always terminate these automatic actions by going to another page or otherwise exiting the page.
To understand how a single page is kept distinct in a world of electronic pages, you ought to recognize its URL, short for Uniform Resource Locator. Every page has a unique URL just like every person has a unique palm print. (Arguments persist as to which is more cryptic.)
A URL is text used for identifying and addressing an item in a computer network. In short, a URL provides location information and Netscape displays a URL in the location field. Most often you don't need to know a page's URL because the location information is built into a highlighted link; Netscape already has the URL available when you click on highlighted text, press an arrow button, or select a menu item. But sometimes you won't have an automatic link and instead have only the text of the URL (perhaps from a friend or a newspaper article).
Netscape gives you the opportunity to type in a URL directly into the location text field (or the URL dialog box produced by the File/Open Location menu item. Using the URL, Netscape will bring you the specified page just as if you had clicked on an automatic link. Notice that the label on the location field says Netsite for pages from a Netscape server, Location for pages from a non-Netscape server, or Go to as soon as you edit the field.
Here's a sample URL: http://home.netscape.com/index.html
Netscape uses the URL text to find a particular item, such as a page, among all the computers connected to the Internet. Within the URL text are components that specify the protocol, server, and pathname of an item. Notice that the protocol is followed by a colon (http:), the server is preceded by two slashes (//home.netscape.com), and each segment of the pathname (only one here) is preceded by a single slash (/index.html).
The first component, the protocol, identifies a manner for interpreting computer information. Many Internet pages use HTTP (short for HyperText Transfer Protocol). Other common protocols you might come across include file (also known as ftp, short for File Transfer Protocol), news (the protocol used by Usenet news groups), and gopher (an alternative transfer protocol).
The second component, the server, identifies the computer system that stores the information you seek. Each server on the Internet has a unique address name whose text refers to the organization maintaining the server.
The last component, the pathname, identifies the location of an item on the server. For example, a pathname might identify a page by specifying the name of the file comprising the page (such as /welcome.html) as well as the name of one or more directories (folders) that store a file (/home).
A link is a connection from one page to another. You find a link by looking for one or more words highlighted with color, underlining, or both in the content area of a page. Images and icons with colored borders also serve as links. When the mouse cursor points over a link, the URL location of the link appears in the status field.
You can bring a linked page to your screen by clicking once on the highlighted text, image, or icon. Clicking on a link transfers page content from a server location to your location. After you click on a link, the Netscape status indicator animates to show you that the transfer of the page to your computer is in progress. You can stop a transfer in progress by pressing the Stop button or choosing the Go/Stop Loading menu item.
An unfollowed link is a connection to a page that you have not yet viewed; a followed link is one you have. Unfollowed and followed links are highlighted in different colors. If you have a black and white monitor, unfollowed and followed links are highlighted only with underlining and thus not differentiated. When your cursor points over a link, the status message text field displays the URL of the page that one click will bring to screen.
After you click on an unfollowed link, the link becomes a followed link. If you go back to a page where you have clicked on a link, you'll see that the link has changed from the unfollowed color to the followed color. By default, unfollowed links are blue and followed links are purple. (On Windows and Macintosh, you can change the colors used to denote unfollowed and followed links from the Options/Preferences/Colors menu item. On UNIX, you can modify XDefaults outside of the application.)
You'll find the ability to stop a transfer in progress is useful if the transfer is taking too long for your liking. This might happen if the content of the page is large or if the server computer is sluggish. Sometimes the page specified by a link just isn't available. You'll usually get a message if a connection was not made or a page not found. Examine the status field and progress bar to receive feedback about the progress of a transfer.
When you bring a page to your screen, you'll see the whole page or, if the content is extensive, only a portion. (Scroll bars let you see the rest.) Often the portion you see is the beginning of the page, but sometimes a link brings you content from the page's middle or end. Nor does a link always bring a new page to screen; rather, a link can bring a different portion of the same page (in effect, automatically scrolling for you). For example, the beginning of a page may include a table of contents that links each chapter title to the chapter subheading deeper into the page.
Yet another kind of link doesn't bring a page at all. A mailto link whose URL begins with mailto:, produces the Send Mail/Post News dialog box for sending e-mail (with the recipient's address automatically filled in).
In addition to links in the content area, you can also access links using Netscape buttons and menu items. Many of the links controlled by buttons and menu items bring pages you have viewed at least once before. Button links are particularly useful for going back and forth among recently viewed pages. Menu item links directly access a wide range of pages such as a history list of pages you have viewed or a bookmark list of pages you (or others) have personally selected as noteworthy.
Once you have brought a page to screen, you can view (and store, if you wish) its URL. Every page is distinguished by its URL. Linking to a page via highlighted content, toolbar buttons, or menu items is a shortcut that enables you to bring the page without having to explicitly request the page's URL. When no built-in link is available, you can bring a page by entering the URL in the location field, then pressing the return key. (The label of the location field changes to Go to when you edit the field.) Alternatively, you can choose the File/Open Location menu item, enter the URL in the dialog box, then press the Open button.
The toolbar offers the following button links:
Menu items offer each of the links available through toolbar buttons plus many more. The Netscape application keeps track of pages you have seen, lets you create easy-access lists of favorite pages, and points you to pages with current information about Netscape and the Internet. Choosing a menu item that's the title of a page brings the page to screen.
A pop-up menu offers utility features and a shortcut for certain links. On Windows and UNIX, you can click on the right mouse button to produce the pop-up menu (on Macintosh, press and hold down the mouse button). When the mouse button is pressed over a link or image, pop-up menu items let you go to pages, view individual images, save files onto your disk, copy locations to the clipboard, and perform other tasks.
The links offered by history and bookmark menu items merit special attention because your actions create the links. History items, automatically inserted in the Go menu, give you access to recently viewed pages. Bookmark items, inserted in the Bookmarks menu by selections you make, give you access to any page at any time.
History and bookmark items are maintained in lists of page titles. To bring a page, pull down the menu and choose the title of the page. If the title of the page does not adequately describe the page, finding the page you want may be more challenging than you expected.
Only a single lineage of history items are displayed. For example, if you choose consecutive links to bring pages whose titles are North America, United States, Pennsylvania, and Philadelphia, you'll see all four items appear in the history with Philadelphia topmost in the list. However, if you next choose a link to the United States page, you'll see only the two items North American and United States appear in the history. Only the single most recent lineage from the home page is maintained. Since Pennsylvania and Philadelphia were pages extending from an earlier lineage, they have been automatically removed from the history list.
Bookmarks items offer a more permanent means of page retrieval. Once you add a bookmark to your list, the title stays until you remove it or change lists. The permanence and accessibility of bookmarks make this tool invaluable for personalizing your Internet access.
Because bookmarks play such an important role, the Netscape application offers many options for creating bookmark lists. Basic options let you add a title as a menu item. More advanced options let you create hierarchical menus, partial menu displays, multiple bookmark files for import and export, list descriptions, and list searches.
The Bookmark List dialog box produced by choosing the View Bookmarks menu item provides buttons and fields for managing bookmark lists. For example, to create a hierarchical menu, you click in the bookmark list to position the item you'll create, add a header title with the New Header button, name the header in the Name field, add a bookmark with the New Bookmark button, name the new bookmark in the Name field, provide the URL in the location field, and adjust the indention with the Up button.
Don't let the complexity of advanced features dissuade you from the basic functionality of bookmarks. At its simplest, you can choose the Bookmarks/Add Bookmarks menu item to add the current page to your bookmark list, giving you easy and direct access to your favorite pages.
You can tailor the look of the Netscape application by choosing to show or hide certain graphical elements on the screen. You'll find the basic alternatives listed as items in the Options menu.
The default settings show the toolbar, location field, and directory buttons. These graphical elements provide you with simplified access to links, commands, and page location information. By hiding any or all of these graphical elements, you increase the amount of screen real estate available for page content.
Other items in the Options menu, Show FTP File Information and Auto Load Images do not display a standard graphical element, nor increase the size of the content area. These items properly align information received in FTP format and automatically include inline graphics, respectively.
Choosing the Preferences item produces a dialog box containing a submenu (also known as a pop-up menu or drop-down list). Each submenu item produces a dialog box containing one or more of the following panels: Window Styles, Link Styles, Fonts, Colors, Mail, News, Cache, Network, Applications, Directories, Images, Security, Proxies, and Helper Applications.
The panels contain settings that determine how the Netscape application operates. Many settings affect the look of graphical elements and content. After you are finished changing any values, click the OK button to accept the new panel settings or click the Cancel button to close the dialog box without accepting changes.
To see options affecting styles, fonts, and colors, choose the Options/Preferences menu item to produce the Preferences dialog box. The dialog box contains a pull-down menu whose items let you select which panel settings to view. Below you'll find a sampling of style, font, and color settings.
In the Window Styles panel, a set of small, round radio buttons lets you display the toolbar with Pictures, Text, or Pictures and Text.
In the Link Styles panel, a check box lets you specify if colored links should also be underlined. With a black and white display, you must check this box to underline links in order for links to be visible.
Another set of radio buttons in the Link Styles panel lets you designate the number of days before the color of a followed link reverts back to the color of a unfollowed link. For example, if you specify 7 days, a link that you use to view a page is colored by the followed link color for 7 days, then changes back to the unfollowed color. That is, the color indicator for followed a link expires after 7 days. If you choose the Never radio button, followed links do not revert to the unfollowed color regardless of time. Pressing the Now button causes all followed links to revert to the color of unfollowed links immediately. The default value specifies that followed links expire after 30 days.
On Windows and Macintosh, a check box in the Colors panel lets you select colors for unfollowed and followed links. Click on each of the color selection buttons (on Macintosh, the colored boxes) to produce a color selector for choosing unfollowed and followed link colors. If the check box is unchecked, the default color blue represents unfollowed links and the color purple represents followed links.
On Windows and UNIX, the Images panel offers an option for choosing how to display an image's colors to most closely match the computer's available colors.
In the Fonts panel (Windows and Macintosh), a set of pull-down menus lets you choose the font and font size for each of the two types of fonts that pages use to display text: Proportional and Fixed. A proportional font is used for most text. A fixed font is used for text in editable fields and certain paragraphs preformatted by the author of a page.
The display of a proportional and fixed font pair is associated with a character set encoding from the For the Encoding pull-down menu. (Netscape allows you to choose encodings in order to accommodate the character symbols of numerous languages.) You can view or modify the fonts associated with any encoding by choosing the encoding name from the menu, then choosing items from the proportional and fixed font pull-down menus. For example, for the default encoding, Latin1, you can choose that all proportional font text be displayed in 12 point Times and all fixed font text be displayed in 10 point Courier.
On UNIX, font size alternatives are offered with radio buttons in the Windows Styles panel.
You can designate your own home page (the page the Netscape application first brings to the screen each time you open a new window) by supplying a URL as a preferences panel item. The home page designated initially with Netscape software (the default) has the URL: http://home.netscape.com/index.html
You can change your home page (and change back to the default, if you wish) by choosing the Options/Preferences/Window Styles menu item, clicking the radio button Home Page Location, then typing in the URL of the page you wish to be your home page. (Alternatively, you can check the radio button Blank Page if you want the home page to be empty of content.)
Each time you ask the Netscape application to open a new window, the designated home page is brought to screen. The URL can designate a page from a remote computer or one on your hard disk.
To get the URL of a page on your hard disk, choose File/Open File. Then select the page (file) on your hard disk (for example, you can choose your bookmarks file). After the page opens, you'll see its URL in the location field. You can select and copy the URL, then paste it into the Home Page Location text field in your preferences.
At first, you probably won't have any pages stored on your hard disk. But later, you might want quick and sure access to certain pages such as one with valuable links or one you've created for yourself.
Ideally, pages on the screen should present images (or other multimedia effects) as simply and efficiently as text. However, images (and sounds and movies) are relatively larger in byte size than text and can take considerable time to transport from remote computers (servers) to your computer. The length of time needed to bring a page with images depends on several factors, most prominently the speed of the modem or direct link connecting you with a remote server. To compensate for the potential lethargy of transmitting images, Netscape software offers features that let you manipulate how images are handled.
The Netscape application loads images into pages automatically. If the author of a page has designed the page with images among the text (that is, inline), the images are displayed when you bring the page to your screen. You have the option, however, of turning off the automatic loading of images. You can do this by unchecking the Options/Auto Load Images menu item. When this menu item is unchecked, the images in pages do not automatically load. Instead, small icons are placed in the position on the page where an image would otherwise be. In addition, the small replacement icon is sometimes accompanied by alternative text. Also called ALT text, alternative text is shown only as a substitution when an image is not loaded.
You can then decide to view these images at a later time. To manually load all images that are represented by icons, you can press the Images button in the toolbar or select the View/Load Images menu item. To manually load an individual image, click on the image's icon.
The advantage of unchecking Auto Load Images is that pages are brought to screen faster. The disadvantage is that you can't view the images until you specify that you want the images loaded.
The Auto Load Images item affects subsequent links and not the current contents of a page. However, if you choose the View/Reload menu item or press the Reload button on the toolbar, you bring the current page back again, this time with the Auto Load Image option active.
You also have the option of displaying an image incrementally as the image is transmitted or in a single burst after the transmission. Typically, the While Loading option provides more satisfying feedback. However, on a fast network, the After Loading option may complete the load slightly faster.
To set this option, choose the Options/Preferences/Images menu item, then select one of the two radio buttons: While Loading or After Loading.
Like highlighted text, an inline image may be linked to another page, another position on the same page, or any type of external file such as an external image. As with all links, pointing the mouse button over a link puts in the URL location of the prospective link in the status field.
External images (unlike inline images) are displayed in their own windows. You can view an external image by clicking on a link to the image. The Netscape application can open external images stored in GIF (Graphics Interchange Format), JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group), and XBM (X Bit Map) file formats. Other file formats require that you have a suitable helper application available on your hard disk (and referenced in the Preferences dialog box of the Options menu).
Links to external images work like links to pages. An external image file has a unique URL just like an ordinary page. External images are not automatically loaded in their full representation even if the Auto Load Images item is checked.
You can click on highlighted text, an image icon, or an inline image to bring an external image into a separate window on the screen. Netscape or the external application opens and presents the image in a separate window. You must click back into the Netscape window to continue working with the Netscape application.
Pages that wish to present large or detailed images often have inline snapshot images (also called thumbnail images) inserted into pages that serve as links to external images. Unlike the icon replacements, these snapshots provide an approximate view of the actual image, yet are still much smaller and faster to transport than the full image. You can expand the snapshot into the full image by clicking once on the snapshot.
You can do more than read Netscape pages; you can write on them. Pages can contain forms for you to enter and send information. For example, a page might have a form with fields for you to enter a name and address next to a button that sends the information to the page's author. Forms may offer editable fields with or without default text, check boxes, radio buttons, pull-down menus, selection lists, and buttons to send or clear the information you enter. The content you enter into a form doesn't permanently alter the page (that is, you're not modifying the source page at its location), yet the form gives you the ability to conveniently transmit a response.
To send ordinary e-mail, you fill in fields to supply the content of your message, the subject summary, and the e-mail address of the intended recipient. Pages with forms let you reply to information you read in the page. To send a form, you fill in one or more fields embedded within a page, usually labeled with instructions and configured with a button that sends the form's contents to the recipient without requiring you to provide any e-mail address.
The author of a page determines the layout of a form. A page may contain multiple forms, each form capable of sending fields independently of another form on the page. Fields in a form may restrict the kind or range of text you enter (such as numbers only) to help you fill in the form as desired.
Typically, forms are used to give you a fast and easy way to make a request or send back a response regarding the page you are reading. Forms can supply an interface to databases with fields that let you query for information and perform Internet searches. The Usenet news pages, designed for people to communicate with each other on special interests, contain forms for you to enter articles and subscribe to newsgroups. The Netscape software has built-in links to pages with forms for you to comment about the Netscape application, and request product information.
Netscape software allows computers to transfer information in a secure way that prevents the forms you send or the pages you receive from being misappropriated. The graphical elements and dialog boxes that reflect Netscape's security interface are described in the reference section on graphical elements.
Security issues arise because information travelling on the Internet usually take a circuitous route through several intermediary computers to reach any destination computer. The actual route your information takes to reach its destination is not under your control.
As your information travels on Internet computers, any intermediary computer has the potential to eavesdrop and make copies. An intermediary computer could even deceive you and exchange information with you by misrepresenting itself as your intended destination. These possibilities make the transfer of confidential information such as passwords or credit card numbers susceptible to abuse.
The Netscape application and Netscape server use patented RSA public key cryptographic technology and custom software to allow you to send and receive information securely. (The security protocols are open and are expected to be implemented by other client and server vendors.) Only your computer and the server can encrypt and decrypt your information. In transit, the information is an unreadable jumble. An intermediary can continue to route the data, and even make copies of it, but the information cannot be decrypted and remains private and safely communicated.
As part of the cryptographic technology, the Netscape application and Netscape server are able to authenticate Internet servers. This prevents an intermediary computer from posing as your destination.
Not all exchanges of information are secure. Netscape uses graphical elements and dialog boxes to inform you when you are interacting with secure and insecure server sites.
The public key technology working within the Netscape application and Netscape server is often described with unfamiliar security terminology. You might find the explanation of how public keys works an interesting supplement to your knowledge of Internet security.
Keys are files. You don't open a key (file) like you open a document or a word processor application. Keys are more like magnetic badges with powerful encryption and decryption capabilities.
There are two kinds of keys and you need both kinds. One is a private key. It sits on your computer and you never give it out. The other is a public key. You can make as many copies of it as you wish and give it out to everybody.
You need both kinds of keys (private and public) because they are fundamentally linked. (Like a pair of pants, you always buy both legs.) You can pass your public key around to whomever you wish, but in order for any key to perform its decryption duty, it must be matched back to its linked key-file partner.
Both public and private keys have the ability encrypt and (as a set) decrypt information. Keys work in two primary ways:
Do you know the name of your news server and e-mail server? If not, you will have to find out from your service provider, systems administrator, or resident know-it-all. By specifying the names of these servers as preference items, Netscape software can provide you with newsreader features and the ability to send e-mail.
World Wide Web pages provide one means of obtaining information on the Internet. Two other popular Internet information services are Usenet newsgroups and electronic mail (e-mail). The Netscape application lets you fully interact with Usenet newsgroups. You can also send e-mail with the text of a page included. Upcoming pages describe these services in more detail.
Before you can access any newsgroup news or send any e-mail, you need to tell the Netscape application how to make the appropriate connection to the server computer handling each task. Whereas World Wide Web pages are distributed by servers familiar with World Wide Web protocols, Usenet newsgroups and e-mail use their own protocols.
Newsgroup news is distributed by a news server. To specify the name of your news server, choose the Options/Preferences/News menu item, then type in the name of the news server in the News (NNTP) Server field. You should specify a local news server, if available.
Similar to the way newsgroup news is distributed by a news server, e-mail is distributed by a SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol) server. To specify the name of your SMTP server, choose the Options/Preferences/Mail menu item, then type in the name of the SMTP server in the Mail (SMTP) Server field. You should specify a local mail server, if available.
Netscape software lets you receive and send newsgroup postings. A posting is a article of writing (news, for short) made available for others on the Internet to read. As you view a posting, Netscape provides a row of buttons in the content area to allow you to track, reply to, or initiate postings.
People post articles (send their news) to newsgroups. Newsgroups are organized by subject; each newsgroup has a name intended to reflect the topic of discussion for its postings. The Usenet is the collection of all newsgroups; it is the Internet's multifaceted bulletin board especially designed for people to communicate news with one another on special interest topics.
You can access a Usenet newsgroup posting in much the same way as you access an ordinary page. Clicking on a link to a Usenet newsgroup brings you the newsgroup list, a directory that lists the titles of postings. Postings are highlighted like other Netscape links. Clicking on a link to an individual posting, either in a newsgroup list page or an ordinary page, brings you the posting. Netscape also gives you the opportunity to bring a newsgroup list and any of its postings to your screen by choosing the File/Open Location menu item and entering the URL of the newsgroup or newsgroup posting.
The locations of Usenet news are formatted similarly, but not identically, to other pages. For example, the URL news:alt.tv.northern-exp specifies the server protocol news: and the newsgroup alt.tv.northern-exp. Unlike other Internet connections, the URL does not specify a server name and pathname with preceding slashes.
Each newsgroup has a unique name, described with words separated by periods. Some words (like alt, short for alternative) specify categories rather than a particular newsgroup. You can use the asterisk character (*) as a wildcard to find out the names of individual newsgroups among the many types of newsgroups. For example, the URL news:alt.* brings you a list of all the newsgroups in the category alt. The URL news:alt.tv* brings you a narrower list of newsgroups in the category of alt.tv. Other examples of URLs that list categories of newsgroups include news:comp.* (computers), news:rec.* (recreation), news:sci.* (science), and news:talk.* (analysis). Note that not all news servers provide access to all newsgroups. There are thousands of newsgroups.
Reading Usenet news can be as easy as reading any other Internet page: Click on a link and bring a Usenet news article to your screen. But newsgroup pages offer advantages (notably the ability to easily publish your own writing to other newsgroup readers) and disadvantages (no images, weak formatting, and limited links). Newsgroup pages are presented with two rows of buttons (one row at the top of each page and an identical set at the bottom of each page) to give you access to the special features of newsgroups.
Each newsgroup presents its articles along threads. A thread bundles an article with a response to the article. The grouping of a new topic with one or more responses to the topic (taking the form of an indented outline) gives the reader a context to share with the articles' authors. A strictly chronological organization of every newsgroup contribution would create a discombobulated trail of articles less pleasant than reading Joyce in his later years.
The outline form of a newsgroup listing page shows how a new topic has each response indented one level in from the original posting. A response to a response is indented another level deep, and so on. The row of buttons on each newsgroup page give you controls for reading and writing along newsgroup threads. A button selection also allows you to subscribe to and unsubscribe from newsgroup postings. When you subscribe to a newsgroup, the name of the newsgroup is added to a list (a News RC file) maintained by the Netscape software. Choosing the Directory/Go To Newsgroups menu item or pressing the Subscribed Newsgroups button from any newsgroup page displays the current list of subscribed newsgroups as links on a page.
The buttons on a newsgroup page vary depending on whether you are viewing a page of newsgroup listings or a newsgroup article.
The Netscape application lets you create and send outgoing e-mail. (Currently, Netscape has no facility for receivin